A research team at the College of Engineering at the University of Kirkuk published a scientific paper on the effect of fuel types on the performance of a spark-ignition engine in the International Journal (heat transfer), which had indexed within Clarivate and Scopus.The research included an experimental study using a small single-cylinder four-stroke ignition engine using different types of gasoline with various octane ratings (low additive [85.8%], medium [89.2%], and high [95.6%]) in addition to the use of low-octane power, performance and analysis of exhaust gases and levels the sound.The study aimed to address the effects of these types of fuel on both engines and the environment, as different types of fuels are used daily in the city of Kirkuk to operate vehicles with internal combustion engines by the spark.The results showed that fuel with higher octane numbers produces relatively better engine performance and less pollution at normal engine speed, but the engine fails to start with low-octane fuel without the additive, as the additive improves engine performance using low-octane fuel and suddenly produces less polluting gases than medium-octane fuel.The team included Assistant Professor Dr. Omar Adel Zainal, Dr. Rawand Ihsan Jalal, and Assistant Professor Abbas Muhammad Ismail.